Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moscow, Russia | 22.8 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 36.3 | 30.2 | 256.3 | 0.4 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 21.4 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 21.9 | 20.5 | 192.0 | 0.5 | |
| Milan, Italy | 19.6 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 28.8 | 23.4 | 138.2 | 0.7 | |
| Paris, France | 19.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 41.8 | 40.2 | 122.2 | 0.8 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 19.3 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 37.2 | 35.0 | 168.9 | 0.6 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 19.1 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 20.5 | 17.4 | 130.3 | 0.8 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 18.7 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 28.3 | 31.3 | 235.7 | 0.4 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 18.6 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 30.8 | 31.5 | 226.3 | 0.4 | |
| Cascais, Portugal | 18.4 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 22.0 | 20.3 | 128.9 | 0.8 | |
| Innsbruck, Austria | 18.2 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 47.4 | 38.1 | 127.1 | 0.8 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 18.0 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 25.5 | 24.4 | 154.9 | 0.6 | |
| Zadar, Croatia | 17.9 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 29.5 | 34.1 | 133.6 | 0.7 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 17.0 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 21.1 | 17.2 | 136.2 | 0.7 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 17.0 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 28.4 | 31.0 | 191.5 | 0.5 | |
| Dubrovnik, Croatia | 16.9 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 36.9 | 41.6 | 126.8 | 0.8 | |
| Kaliningrad, Russia | 16.9 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 29.9 | 28.9 | 202.0 | 0.5 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 16.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 33.2 | 33.0 | 115.2 | 0.9 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 16.7 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 30.2 | 24.9 | 135.3 | 0.7 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 16.4 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 32.1 | 27.1 | 193.5 | 0.5 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 16.3 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 23.2 | 20.2 | 281.4 | 0.4 | |
| Kharkiv, Ukraine | 16.0 | 4.9 | 6.5 | 20.4 | 15.4 | 230.3 | 0.4 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 15.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 35.2 | 34.6 | 131.5 | 0.8 | |
| Rome, Italy | 15.7 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 30.4 | 22.3 | 108.6 | 0.9 | |
| Saint Helier, Jersey | 15.6 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 21.5 | 25.7 | 102.1 | 1.0 | |
| Florence, Italy | 15.4 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.4 | 26.5 | 110.5 | 0.9 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 15.4 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 25.5 | 18.0 | 124.2 | 0.8 | |
| Split, Croatia | 15.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 34.1 | 34.1 | 100.1 | 1.0 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 15.1 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 33.0 | 29.5 | 105.7 | 0.9 | |
| Munich, Germany | 15.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 40.7 | 38.6 | 100.8 | 1.0 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 14.9 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 19.9 | 23.7 | 286.8 | 0.3 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 14.8 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.9 | 28.8 | 114.0 | 0.9 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 14.7 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 24.5 | 22.7 | 192.1 | 0.5 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 14.6 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 42.6 | 37.0 | 91.8 | 1.1 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 14.4 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 33.9 | 32.8 | 108.0 | 0.9 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 14.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 28.8 | 27.5 | 89.4 | 1.1 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 14.3 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 31.2 | 28.3 | 162.5 | 0.6 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 14.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 29.6 | 31.1 | 128.4 | 0.8 | |
| Nis, Serbia | 14.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.2 | 28.3 | 119.5 | 0.8 | |
| Annecy, France | 14.0 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 43.0 | 37.5 | 93.3 | 1.1 | |
| Kosice, Slovakia | 14.0 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 97.0 | 1.0 | |
| Athens, Greece | 13.9 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 23.7 | 25.0 | 105.6 | 0.9 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 13.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 36.7 | 31.3 | 83.8 | 1.2 | |
| Tuzla, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 39.9 | 38.2 | 94.4 | 1.1 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 13.6 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 29.6 | 23.0 | 123.0 | 0.8 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 13.3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 36.3 | 30.9 | 95.9 | 1.0 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 13.2 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 16.5 | 15.6 | 200.5 | 0.5 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 13.1 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 21.6 | 21.0 | 264.3 | 0.4 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 13.1 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 23.8 | 19.5 | 129.2 | 0.8 | |
| Nantes, France | 12.7 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 36.2 | 32.7 | 81.7 | 1.2 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 12.7 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 28.1 | 29.0 | 96.7 | 1.0 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 12.7 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 41.4 | 35.9 | 85.6 | 1.2 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 12.6 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 25.5 | 23.8 | 87.0 | 1.1 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 12.6 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 24.2 | 20.8 | 94.6 | 1.1 | |
| Debrecen, Hungary | 12.6 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 30.3 | 32.3 | 127.7 | 0.8 | |
| Constanta, Romania | 12.4 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 21.2 | 22.6 | 113.6 | 0.9 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 12.2 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 19.9 | 21.4 | 108.3 | 0.9 | |
| Plzen, Czech Republic | 12.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 39.2 | 33.8 | 101.0 | 1.0 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 12.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 25.7 | 25.3 | 106.4 | 0.9 | |
| Salzburg, Austria | 12.0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 32.0 | 28.9 | 83.3 | 1.2 | |
| Sliema, Malta | 11.9 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 18.9 | 17.6 | 92.5 | 1.1 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 11.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 26.7 | 27.5 | 106.5 | 0.9 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 11.7 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 15.1 | 17.8 | 185.3 | 0.5 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 11.6 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 29.6 | 29.4 | 79.4 | 1.3 | |
| Olomouc, Czech Republic | 11.6 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 28.1 | 31.2 | 93.6 | 1.1 | |
| Graz, Austria | 11.4 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 40.9 | 35.0 | 77.9 | 1.3 | |
| Larissa, Greece | 11.4 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 31.9 | 34.7 | 85.7 | 1.2 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 11.4 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 24.0 | 20.7 | 118.6 | 0.8 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 11.3 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 22.4 | 18.7 | 73.4 | 1.4 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 11.2 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 21.5 | 18.7 | 109.1 | 0.9 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 11.2 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 24.2 | 20.5 | 97.1 | 1.0 | |
| Naples, Italy | 11.2 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 28.4 | 22.0 | 73.8 | 1.4 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 11.2 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 17.2 | 16.0 | 161.1 | 0.6 | |
| Bolzano-Bozen, Italy | 11.1 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 29.6 | 28.9 | 75.0 | 1.3 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 11.0 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 33.5 | 29.3 | 66.7 | 1.5 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 10.9 | 3.7 | 3.0 | 27.1 | 33.4 | 80.9 | 1.2 | |
| Palma de Mallorca, Spain | 10.8 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 24.2 | 17.8 | 75.0 | 1.3 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 10.8 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 35.9 | 32.9 | 77.9 | 1.3 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 10.8 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 24.3 | 24.7 | 93.5 | 1.1 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 10.8 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 23.5 | 21.2 | 73.4 | 1.4 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 10.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 37.5 | 30.8 | 73.9 | 1.4 | |
| Haarlem, Netherlands | 10.7 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 75.3 | 1.3 | |
| Bitola, North Macedonia | 10.6 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 23.1 | 27.4 | 89.6 | 1.1 | |
| Espoo, Finland | 10.6 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 32.6 | 27.5 | 66.4 | 1.5 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 10.6 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 31.2 | 34.2 | 73.8 | 1.4 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 10.5 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 39.8 | 32.2 | 66.2 | 1.5 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 10.4 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 16.4 | 14.7 | 75.8 | 1.3 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 10.4 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 20.1 | 20.5 | 94.9 | 1.1 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 10.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 23.5 | 23.4 | 95.7 | 1.0 | |
| Nice, France | 10.3 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 33.2 | 23.5 | 63.9 | 1.6 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 10.3 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 22.6 | 19.2 | 101.6 | 1.0 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 10.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 34.2 | 32.3 | 73.2 | 1.4 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 10.2 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 26.7 | 24.9 | 66.3 | 1.5 | |
| Heidelberg, Germany | 10.2 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 33.2 | 30.9 | 70.9 | 1.4 | |
| Craiova, Romania | 10.2 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 24.8 | 22.9 | 90.2 | 1.1 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.1 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.4 | 23.2 | 70.4 | 1.4 | |
| Villach, Austria | 10.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.8 | 26.5 | 66.7 | 1.5 | |
| Coimbra, Portugal | 10.0 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 18.4 | 16.4 | 77.7 | 1.3 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.9 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 25.8 | 22.6 | 68.8 | 1.5 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 9.8 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 35.1 | 32.5 | 67.4 | 1.5 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 9.8 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 32.0 | 27.1 | 67.1 | 1.5 | |
| Nuremberg, Germany | 9.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 36.6 | 35.3 | 66.3 | 1.5 | |
| Bari, Italy | 9.6 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 25.1 | 21.9 | 68.5 | 1.5 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 9.4 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 21.5 | 20.0 | 65.4 | 1.5 | |
| Lodz, Poland | 9.4 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 18.5 | 16.8 | 84.7 | 1.2 | |
| Klaipeda, Lithuania | 9.4 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 26.1 | 26.6 | 67.6 | 1.5 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 9.2 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 27.1 | 23.8 | 62.8 | 1.6 | |
| Lyon, France | 9.2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 30.8 | 33.7 | 60.8 | 1.6 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 9.2 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 25.9 | 22.2 | 80.6 | 1.2 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 9.1 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 19.7 | 20.8 | 63.8 | 1.6 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 8.9 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 21.4 | 17.7 | 65.0 | 1.5 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 8.8 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 32.6 | 25.4 | 52.7 | 1.9 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 8.8 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 24.4 | 22.9 | 59.7 | 1.7 | |
| Cagliari, Italy | 8.8 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 21.4 | 18.9 | 66.3 | 1.5 | |
| Treviso, Italy | 8.6 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 20.9 | 17.8 | 63.4 | 1.6 | |
| Linz, Austria | 8.4 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 27.5 | 26.7 | 57.4 | 1.7 | |
| Rimini, Italy | 8.4 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 23.1 | 20.5 | 58.8 | 1.7 | |
| Tromso, Norway | 8.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 23.9 | 24.3 | 56.5 | 1.8 | |
| Turin, Italy | 8.3 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 24.3 | 17.8 | 56.3 | 1.8 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 8.3 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 21.3 | 18.2 | 55.7 | 1.8 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 8.2 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 25.3 | 21.6 | 59.5 | 1.7 | |
| Seville (Sevilla), Spain | 8.1 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 24.6 | 18.0 | 55.4 | 1.8 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 8.0 | 7.3 | 8.4 | 13.7 | 12.0 | 52.3 | 1.9 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 8.0 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 25.7 | 22.1 | 57.6 | 1.7 | |
| Malaga, Spain | 7.9 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 21.6 | 17.5 | 53.9 | 1.9 | |
| Ostrava, Czech Republic | 7.8 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 21.7 | 21.3 | 64.1 | 1.6 | |
| Liverpool, United Kingdom | 7.7 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 21.7 | 16.2 | 60.2 | 1.7 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 26.2 | 25.9 | 48.9 | 2.0 | |
| Maribor, Slovenia | 7.5 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 50.3 | 2.0 | |
| Dresden, Germany | 7.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 31.0 | 30.5 | 53.4 | 1.9 | |
| Burgas, Bulgaria | 7.4 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 17.2 | 15.0 | 59.8 | 1.7 | |
| Granada, Spain | 7.3 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 23.7 | 21.4 | 49.8 | 2.0 | |
| Toulouse, France | 7.3 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 27.2 | 26.4 | 44.8 | 2.2 | |
| Uppsala, Sweden | 7.2 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 22.4 | 22.0 | 54.6 | 1.8 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 7.1 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 27.6 | 21.8 | 50.3 | 2.0 | |
| Manchester, United Kingdom | 7.1 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 18.6 | 18.3 | 54.1 | 1.8 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 7.1 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 18.3 | 15.9 | 64.2 | 1.6 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 7.1 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 20.2 | 17.7 | 43.3 | 2.3 | |
| Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain | 7.0 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 14.7 | 13.6 | 47.9 | 2.1 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 6.9 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 20.3 | 18.5 | 51.2 | 2.0 | |
| Catania, Italy | 6.9 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 17.8 | 16.5 | 50.1 | 2.0 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 6.9 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 20.8 | 18.4 | 46.6 | 2.1 | |
| Glasgow, United Kingdom | 6.8 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 24.8 | 15.9 | 51.4 | 1.9 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 6.8 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 21.9 | 19.0 | 47.1 | 2.1 | |
| Grenoble, France | 6.7 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.6 | 22.2 | 42.6 | 2.3 | |
| Gent, Belgium | 6.6 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 18.9 | 18.9 | 47.3 | 2.1 | |
| Alicante, Spain | 6.4 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 15.3 | 13.9 | 43.7 | 2.3 | |
| Delft, Netherlands | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 18.5 | 19.7 | 45.5 | 2.2 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 6.1 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 23.6 | 18.4 | 40.0 | 2.5 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.1 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 18.3 | 17.9 | 39.7 | 2.5 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 6.1 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 43.2 | 2.3 | |
| Turku, Finland | 5.9 | 3.4 | 6.6 | 29.3 | 15.2 | 38.6 | 2.6 | |
| Belfast, United Kingdom | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 16.3 | 15.5 | 44.0 | 2.3 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 5.7 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 18.0 | 23.0 | 37.8 | 2.6 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 19.7 | 18.0 | 38.3 | 2.6 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.9 | 17.4 | 14.5 | 36.2 | 2.8 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 17.4 | 16.6 | 36.9 | 2.7 | |
| Palermo, Italy | 5.4 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 15.8 | 17.4 | 37.3 | 2.7 | |
| Aalborg, Denmark | 5.2 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 25.4 | 23.7 | 37.3 | 2.7 | |
| Coventry, United Kingdom | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 18.4 | 20.1 | 39.6 | 2.5 | |
| Aberdeen, United Kingdom | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 20.6 | 20.6 | 37.0 | 2.7 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 4.3 | 7.7 | 9.6 | 13.0 | 10.4 | 26.7 | 3.8 |