Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milan, Italy | 20.3 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 26.9 | 21.7 | 152.3 | 0.7 | |
| Innsbruck, Austria | 20.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 44.9 | 40.3 | 144.0 | 0.7 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 19.1 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 20.7 | 15.8 | 138.5 | 0.7 | |
| Moscow, Russia | 18.8 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 29.5 | 27.9 | 295.4 | 0.3 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 18.8 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 170.7 | 0.6 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 18.2 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 19.6 | 19.0 | 343.2 | 0.3 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 17.7 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 27.0 | 29.0 | 230.3 | 0.4 | |
| Paris, France | 17.5 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 35.8 | 36.0 | 124.7 | 0.8 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 17.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 31.9 | 30.6 | 145.9 | 0.7 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 16.9 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 24.7 | 23.6 | 162.3 | 0.6 | |
| Split, Croatia | 16.8 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 31.7 | 30.2 | 116.7 | 0.9 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 16.2 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 25.0 | 26.4 | 247.7 | 0.4 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 16.1 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 32.9 | 31.1 | 121.4 | 0.8 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 16.1 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 28.9 | 29.9 | 193.5 | 0.5 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 15.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 26.6 | 23.7 | 197.3 | 0.5 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 15.7 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 21.6 | 17.6 | 132.9 | 0.8 | |
| Samara, Russia | 15.7 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 204.3 | 0.5 | |
| Munich, Germany | 15.6 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 35.3 | 32.2 | 112.2 | 0.9 | |
| Ufa, Russia | 15.3 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 32.9 | 35.2 | 191.3 | 0.5 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 15.2 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 19.1 | 15.5 | 232.0 | 0.4 | |
| Nis, Serbia | 15.0 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 30.1 | 30.5 | 145.1 | 0.7 | |
| Athens, Greece | 15.0 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 23.3 | 25.5 | 114.0 | 0.9 | |
| Rome, Italy | 14.8 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 27.7 | 22.9 | 114.1 | 0.9 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 14.8 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.6 | 22.2 | 184.7 | 0.5 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 14.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 35.4 | 34.5 | 113.3 | 0.9 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 14.6 | 3.7 | 5.0 | 27.0 | 20.0 | 111.7 | 0.9 | |
| Florence, Italy | 14.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.4 | 24.2 | 110.7 | 0.9 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 14.4 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.4 | 23.3 | 109.2 | 0.9 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 14.3 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 27.0 | 23.1 | 117.8 | 0.8 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 14.2 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 38.6 | 34.9 | 96.4 | 1.0 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 13.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.3 | 24.7 | 349.5 | 0.3 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 13.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 27.8 | 25.2 | 144.5 | 0.7 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 13.8 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.7 | 28.4 | 107.0 | 0.9 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 13.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 25.7 | 25.5 | 95.5 | 1.0 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 13.5 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 28.7 | 25.2 | 102.6 | 1.0 | |
| Naples, Italy | 13.5 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 25.2 | 21.0 | 104.3 | 1.0 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 13.4 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 182.5 | 0.5 | |
| Palma de Mallorca, Spain | 13.3 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 23.2 | 16.9 | 92.9 | 1.1 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 13.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.5 | 30.5 | 111.5 | 0.9 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 12.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 49.3 | 44.4 | 80.4 | 1.2 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 12.7 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 37.9 | 33.4 | 90.1 | 1.1 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 12.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 25.9 | 24.6 | 120.0 | 0.8 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 12.2 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 23.8 | 20.9 | 118.2 | 0.8 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 12.2 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 29.0 | 24.1 | 112.9 | 0.9 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 12.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 28.6 | 26.3 | 90.1 | 1.1 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 12.2 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.4 | 26.6 | 109.7 | 0.9 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 12.1 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 22.7 | 25.3 | 112.1 | 0.9 | |
| Bolzano-Bozen, Italy | 12.1 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 30.6 | 27.5 | 94.4 | 1.1 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 12.1 | 7.9 | 6.2 | 12.7 | 16.2 | 212.6 | 0.5 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 12.0 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 84.3 | 1.2 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 12.0 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 37.2 | 33.9 | 76.3 | 1.3 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 11.9 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 19.6 | 20.5 | 194.9 | 0.5 | |
| Constanta, Romania | 11.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 112.0 | 0.9 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 11.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 29.0 | 28.1 | 94.2 | 1.1 | |
| Rostov-on-Don (Rostov-na-donu), Russia | 11.7 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 18.3 | 22.5 | 133.3 | 0.8 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 11.5 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 115.1 | 0.9 | |
| Haarlem, Netherlands | 11.5 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 21.1 | 21.2 | 87.0 | 1.1 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 11.5 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 21.3 | 19.5 | 88.3 | 1.1 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 11.5 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 35.2 | 33.1 | 83.4 | 1.2 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 11.4 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 30.2 | 26.1 | 86.6 | 1.2 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 11.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 18.2 | 18.5 | 97.9 | 1.0 | |
| Salzburg, Austria | 11.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 29.5 | 29.7 | 79.9 | 1.3 | |
| Espoo, Finland | 11.3 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 33.7 | 28.4 | 81.0 | 1.2 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 11.3 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 13.8 | 12.6 | 79.8 | 1.3 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 11.3 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 22.1 | 20.2 | 84.4 | 1.2 | |
| Plzen, Czech Republic | 11.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 37.5 | 30.6 | 93.7 | 1.1 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 11.2 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 24.5 | 21.4 | 103.4 | 1.0 | |
| Chelyabinsk, Russia | 11.0 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 21.4 | 18.5 | 137.5 | 0.7 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 11.0 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 28.3 | 28.1 | 79.9 | 1.3 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 11.0 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 84.2 | 1.2 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 10.8 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 34.4 | 25.8 | 76.5 | 1.3 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 10.6 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 19.6 | 16.1 | 73.6 | 1.4 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.6 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 27.2 | 23.4 | 76.2 | 1.3 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 10.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 28.9 | 27.7 | 79.4 | 1.3 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 10.4 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 15.2 | 14.1 | 147.2 | 0.7 | |
| Bristol, United Kingdom | 10.3 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 19.1 | 24.0 | 87.8 | 1.1 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 10.3 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 23.5 | 22.9 | 98.4 | 1.0 | |
| Graz, Austria | 10.2 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 37.8 | 30.2 | 71.7 | 1.4 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 10.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.5 | 28.3 | 74.3 | 1.3 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 10.1 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 32.0 | 29.8 | 73.2 | 1.4 | |
| Basel, Switzerland | 10.1 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 41.3 | 46.3 | 65.0 | 1.5 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 9.8 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 25.9 | 22.8 | 90.6 | 1.1 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 9.7 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 21.2 | 18.1 | 76.3 | 1.3 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 9.6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 30.2 | 28.7 | 70.4 | 1.4 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.6 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.5 | 22.1 | 66.9 | 1.5 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 9.5 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 22.4 | 20.5 | 90.4 | 1.1 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 9.5 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 16.2 | 14.7 | 72.5 | 1.4 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 9.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.4 | 24.6 | 70.2 | 1.4 | |
| Cambridge, United Kingdom | 9.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 21.7 | 21.6 | 78.9 | 1.3 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 9.3 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 22.4 | 20.4 | 85.8 | 1.2 | |
| Lyon, France | 9.3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 29.7 | 30.9 | 65.5 | 1.5 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 9.2 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 22.9 | 24.1 | 84.3 | 1.2 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 9.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 29.0 | 26.1 | 58.7 | 1.7 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 8.8 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 23.6 | 21.5 | 66.8 | 1.5 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 8.6 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 22.7 | 19.0 | 68.0 | 1.5 | |
| Burgas, Bulgaria | 8.6 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 19.6 | 20.0 | 72.4 | 1.4 | |
| Linz, Austria | 8.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 30.1 | 27.6 | 59.1 | 1.7 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 8.3 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 28.1 | 24.2 | 63.7 | 1.6 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 8.3 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 77.6 | 1.3 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 8.2 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 21.2 | 20.4 | 61.1 | 1.6 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 8.2 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 27.0 | 24.1 | 58.9 | 1.7 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 8.1 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 22.3 | 21.0 | 61.8 | 1.6 | |
| Turin, Italy | 8.0 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 23.8 | 17.9 | 61.9 | 1.6 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 7.9 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 18.5 | 18.0 | 67.7 | 1.5 | |
| Rimini, Italy | 7.7 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 22.9 | 20.9 | 55.7 | 1.8 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 7.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 21.4 | 21.4 | 51.4 | 1.9 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 7.5 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 27.0 | 25.4 | 54.0 | 1.9 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 7.4 | 7.5 | 8.6 | 13.4 | 11.6 | 51.9 | 1.9 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.4 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 28.2 | 26.1 | 51.7 | 1.9 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 7.3 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 16.7 | 14.7 | 74.1 | 1.3 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 7.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 17.3 | 17.8 | 48.5 | 2.1 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 6.9 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 24.1 | 20.2 | 50.6 | 2.0 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 6.7 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 18.7 | 17.2 | 49.7 | 2.0 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 6.3 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 47.4 | 2.1 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 6.0 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 17.9 | 16.5 | 44.7 | 2.2 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 16.8 | 15.6 | 42.6 | 2.3 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 5.9 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 22.1 | 18.0 | 46.2 | 2.2 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.5 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 16.5 | 13.6 | 39.1 | 2.6 | |
| Turku, Finland | 5.1 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 24.0 | 15.4 | 36.0 | 2.8 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 4.8 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 13.9 | 16.3 | 33.7 | 3.0 |